Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence: A Second Copernican Revolution
Ben Shneiderman, Dept. of Computer Science & Human-Computer Interaction Lab, University of Maryland
Opening keynoteAbstract
The Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) model clarifies how to (1) design for high levels of human control and high levels of computer automation so as to increase human performance, (2) understand the situations in which full human control or full computer control are necessary, and (3) avoid the dangers of excessive human control or excessive computer control.
HCAI represents a second Copernican revolution. In the past, researchers and developers focused on building AI algorithms and systems, stressing the autonomy, correctness, and efficiency of machines rather than human control through user interfaces. In contrast, HCAI puts the human usersat the center of design thinking, emphasizing user experience design. Researchers and developers for HCAI systems stress measuring human performance and satisfaction, valuing customer and consumer needs, and ensuring meaningful human control. Achieving HCAI will increase human performance, while supporting human self-efficacy, creativity, and responsibility and respecting human values, rights, and dignity.
For more information visit: https://hcil.umd.edu/human-centered-ai-a-second-copernican-revolution
BEN SHNEIDERMAN is an Emeritus Distinguished University Professor in the Department of Computer Science, Founding Director (1983-2000) of the Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory (http://hcil.umd.edu), and a Member of the UM Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS) at the University of Maryland. He is a Fellow of the AAAS, ACM, IEEE, and NAI, and a Member of the National Academy of Engineering, in recognition of his pioneering contributions to human-computer interaction and information visualization. His widely-used contributions include the clickable highlighted web-links, high-precision touchscreen keyboards for mobile devices, and tagging for photos. Shneiderman’s information visualization innovations include dynamic query sliders for Spotfire, development of treemaps for viewing hierarchical data, novel network visualizations for NodeXL, and event sequence analysis for electronic health records.
Designing for the home
Kate Freebairn, Director UX, Google Nest
Industry keynoteAbstract
People will always be the center of a home, but more and more we see products, technology and services being welcomed into homes to make life easier. Kate Freebairn touches on Google’s approach to designing for the home, the people inside it, and the world around them. Looking at the details and complexity of end to end design, we’ll discover opportunities to design with intentionality and focus on the details of the overall experience.
Kate is a design leader who comes from an industrial design education and practice. Kate has spent her career working on her passion of bringing hardware and software together as a seamless end to end experience. Kate loves working at the intersection of products and experiences, creating joyful and useful experiences that improve people's lives. Kate applies her experience and love of designing for people to leading and running design organizations, empowering multi disciplined teas to collaborate and deliver solutions for businesses and people. During her career Kate has designed for many brands including ResMed, Cochlear, Nokia, Amazon, Twitter and currently leads the Google Home/Nest design team. Kate has experienced broad international experiences living in Australia, Italy, Finland and is currently based in San Francisco.
Compass to sentinel: the automation of self-tracking technology
Natasha Schüll
Closing keynoteAbstract
The talk draws on ethnographic fieldwork to argue that a shift is underway in the logic of behavioral guidance informing the design and use of so-called self-tracking technology, or apps and wearable devices that sense, record, and analyze users’ data. While first-wave self-tracking technologies were designed to serve as digital compasses that could provide attentive selves with information to help them navigate the choice-filled seas of modern life, newer technologies are designed to serve as sentinels that can stand watch for distracted and overwhelmed selves, providing just-in-time micronudges to keep them on track.
Natasha Dow Schüll is a cultural anthropologist and associate professor in the Department of Media, Culture, and Communication at New York University. Her book, ADDICTION BY DESIGN: Machine Gambling in Las Vegas (Princeton University Press 2012), draws on extended research among compulsive gamblers and the designers of the slot machines they play to explore the relationship between technology design and the experience of addiction. Her next book, KEEPING TRACK (under contract), concerns the rise of digital self-tracking technologies and the new modes of introspection and self-governance they engender.
